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Eugène François Vidocq
Eugène François Vidocq ((:øʒɛn fʁɑ̃swa vidɔk); July 24, 1775 – May 11, 1857) was a French criminal and criminalist whose life story inspired several writers, including Victor Hugo, Edgar Allan Poe, and Honoré de Balzac. The former criminal became the founder and first director of the crime-detection Sûreté Nationale as well as the head of the first known private detective agency, Vidocq is considered to be the father of modern criminology〔Siegel, Jay A.: ''Forensic Science: The Basics.'' CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8493-2132-8, S. 12.〕〔Conser, James Andrew and Russell, Gregory D.: ''Law Enforcement in the United States.'' Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2005, ISBN 0-7637-8352-8, S. 39.〕 and of the French police department.〔Emsley, Clive and Shpayer-Makov, Haia: ''Police Detectives in History, 1750–1950.'' Ashgate Publishing, 2006, ISBN 0-7546-3948-7, S. 3.〕 He is also regarded as the first private detective.〔Hügel, Hans-Otto: ''Untersuchungsrichter, Diebsfänger, Detektive.'' Metzler, 1978, ISBN 3-476-00383-3, S. 17.〕
==Biography==
Eugène François Vidocq was born during the night of 23 to 24 July 1775 as the third child of the baker Nicolas Joseph François Vidocq (1744–1799) and his wife Henriette Françoise Vidocq (1744–1824, née Dion) in Arras in the Rue du Mirroir-de-Venise.〔1856 renamed to Rue des Trois Visages〕
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